The fortified Crusader estate at Ein Hemed, known as Aqua Bella, was constructed over two decades between 1140 and 1160 CE. These years fell under the reign of Fulk of Anjou, King of Jerusalem and a prominent leader of the Crusaders. Aqua Bella was part of a broader network of fortifications built during this period, alongside Belmont near the modern settlement of Tzuba and structures in Emmaus.
Historical records of Aqua Bella are scarce, but one notable mention dates to 1163. At that time, the estate was proposed as a tribute to the King of Hungary in gratitude for a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. However, the Hungarian king never made the journey, and the planned gift was never realized. What is clear from surviving documents is that Aqua Bella belonged to the Order of the Hospitallers. Likely, it served as a resting place for pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem.
The estate featured a central courtyard surrounded by covered arched vaults, parts of which are still remarkably well preserved. One room houses equipment used for pressing olive oil, offering a glimpse into the Crusaders’ activities here. Beyond olive oil production, the estate was also known for making wine and sugar from sugarcane, reflecting the agricultural ingenuity of its time. Today, Aqua Bella stands as a testament to the Crusader era, blending history with the serene beauty of its surroundings.
A Hidden Gem in the Jerusalem Hills
Nestled in the serene landscapes of the Jerusalem mountains lies a natural park that follows the meandering path of the Kissalon Creek. This tranquil haven is nourished by the crystal-clear waters of the Ein Rafa spring, a source revered since ancient times for its healing properties. Centuries ago, the Crusaders recognized the spring’s value, establishing an estate here that served as a sanatorium for the Hospitaller Order’s weary soldiers. Today, the park stands as a testament to nature’s enduring beauty and the rich tapestry of history that has unfolded along its shores.
