The history of meteorological observations in Israel dates back to the 19th century, initially conducted under two research societies from Germany and Britain. Early Hebrew meteorologist Dr. Abraham Baruch arrived in 1909 and aimed to establish a network of meteorological stations. Later, he managed Tel Aviv's meteorological station and even received an honor from the British government for his work.

However, the oldest continually operating meteorological station in Israel is at Beit Jimal Monastery, established in 1919 by an Italian patriarch. With the onset of the British Mandate in 1920, five more stations were set up in locations like Haifa, Gaza, Jenin, Be'er Sheva, and Jerusalem. These stations reported to the Mandate's Agricultural Ministry and were overseen by the Egyptian Meteorological Service. Rain measurement stations were also set up around the country by Dev Ashbel. By the 1930s, under Ashbel's supervision, the Hebrew University in Jerusalem established meteorological stations in nearly every new settlement, in collaboration with Zionist institutions.

The Beit Jimal Monastery station stands as a unique blend of religious and scientific history, making it a point of interest not just spiritually but also for its contributions to the understanding of the region's climate.