Pinsteps. The Evolution of Oradea's Iconic Art Nouveau Lamp Shop: From 4 Zöldfa Street to Modern Reinforcement
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The house at 4 Zöldfa Street has a complex history that speaks to the evolution of architecture and urban development. Originally built between 1906 and 1910, it housed Deutsch Károly Ignác's Art Nouveau lamp, glass, and porcelain shop. The designs were drafted by Sztarill Ferenc, an architect known for his eclectic style.

The Deutsch family initially showcased their Black Forest glassware creations here. The family patriarch, Deutsch K. Ignác, passed the burgeoning glass empire onto his sons, who adopted the surname Dénes—Edmund and Sándor. Edmund managed the Black Forest Bottle Factory while Sándor gained prominence as a journalist and socialite. He also spearheaded the city's avant-garde literary movement, the “Tomorrow” movement, together with Ady Endre. Before World War I, the Deutsch family ranked among the wealthiest in Oradea. Sándor Dénes was later conscripted, fought on the Eastern Front, and upon his return, lived in despair.

The family met tragic ends, including Sándor’s suicide in 1934. Margit, their surviving daughter, married Dr. Konrád Béla, a respected doctor who also treated poet Ady Endre. The family’s glass factory was sold off in 1917, followed by the distribution firm, acquired by a consortium led by Markovits Herman in 1920. From 1940 onwards, when Hungarian fascists gathered Jews in the city in ghettos, the shop focused on Hungarian ceramics. It was transformed into a "Gulliver" children’s store in the 1960s.

Over the years, the facade underwent several refurbishments, yet its old-world charm persists as one of the highlights of Vasile Alecsandri Street. While its blue hues may suggest a sense of melancholy, the building is a silent witness to the rise and fall of a family that was once an integral part of Oradea's early 20th-century elite.


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Evgeny Praisman
Oradea

Your walking tour could start at the Church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit, a spiritual cornerstone of Oradea, reflecting centuries of faith and community. As you meander through the city, you approach the grand Moskovits Palace and the elegant Stern Palace, each a testament to the opulent past and architectural splendor of the city.

Passing the Apollo Palace, you're reminded of the city's artistic and theatrical heritage, culminating at the grand Maria Theater, a cultural beacon that has hosted countless performances. Nearby, the central Piata Unirii (Union Square) is not just the heart of the city but also a gateway to the Black Eagle Palace, an icon of Art Nouveau architecture.

As you explore, the cityscape tells stories of Oradea's literary circles and poets who frequented these landmarks, weaving a rich tapestry of cultural and intellectual history. The Black Eagle Palace, in particular, with its cafes and halls, might have been the very place where literary societies gathered, and muses were met, against a backdrop of architectural beauty. This is a journey not just through the streets of Oradea but through the annals of its vibrant cultural and literary past.

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Evgeny Praisman (author)
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