Pinsteps. The Franciscan Church of Cluj-Napoca, also known as the Ovári Ferenc Rendi Templom
Places to visit in Cluj-Napoca. Languages: en

The Franciscan Church of Cluj-Napoca, also known as the Ovári Ferenc Rendi Templom, has a rich history that intertwines with the various epochs of the city itself. Roman-era ruins and statue fragments have been discovered in the crypt beneath the church's sanctuary, marking the earliest evidence of Christianity in Cluj from the 3rd century. The church was originally built on the site of a royal fortress named "Ordar - Castrum Clus," which had its own chapel. This original structure was destroyed during the Mongol invasion in 1241 but was rebuilt decades later.

The church underwent multiple transformations over the centuries, both in name and architectural style. Initially, it was a simple basilica-type church with high and semi-wide side aisles, dedicated to the Virgin Mary and St. Anthony. Over time, the Dominicans took over the church during King Sigismund's reign and expanded it, incorporating peak-arched Gothic elements. Financial aid for the church's construction also came from notable figures like Hunyadi János, the then-governor of the country. The Gothic church boasted intricate structural elements, such as ribbed vaults in its sanctuary, pointed-arch windows, and an ornate rosette window.

One of the most architecturally fascinating sections of the church is its sacristy and the Sub Rosa room connected to it. These areas feature unique design elements like eight-sided columns and complex vault ribbing, which are considered exceptional examples of local architecture. The Franciscan Church serves not just as a spiritual sanctuary but also as a time capsule that opens up various layers of Cluj-Napoca's rich history and architectural heritage.

The history of the church spans several centuries, reflecting significant religious and social transformations. According to records from 1529, the church was initially served by 13 monks, 7 novices, and 8 lay brothers, dedicated to the glory of God and the salvation of souls. However, due to the Reformation, by 1556 the Dominican Order had to leave the church and even the city of Kolozsvár permanently. After that, the building was used by various Protestant congregations—Lutheran, Calvinist, and Unitarian.

For a brief period, Queen Isabella made it her residence, and later, it served as a Unitarian school and a place of worship for the Saxon Reformists. The Hungarian Reformed Church used the building until 1693, after which the Jesuits took over until 1724. In 1725, the church was granted to the Franciscans, who were its caretakers when the roof burned down in a fire in 1697, and the vaulted ceiling collapsed in 1727.

Between 1728 and 1745, the Franciscans extensively renovated the Gothic church into a Baroque style, which remains to this day. New chapels were built between 1730 and 1745 on the southern side of the nave, among the Gothic pillars, complete with burial crypts for the builders. Artworks and sculptures, including a gilded tabernacle, adorn the richly decorated Baroque main altar and side altars. Unfortunately, the church suffered severe damage during WWII in 1944, destroying the roof and most of its artistic windows and delicate interior. Restorations and modifications were undertaken in various years, including 1827, 1839, 1861, 1873, 1912, 1926, 1945, and between 1975 and 1985, ensuring its survival and continued relevance.

The epitaph suggests that the church serves as the final resting place for notable figures in Hungarian history, adding another layer to its historical significance. Among those buried here is Count Karl Engelshaus from Carniola, who initially served in the military in the city of Kolovellus and later took a commanding role in Claudiopolis. He served for 53 years and achieved notable honors under the reigns of Emperors Charles VI and Francis Joseph II. He died in the year 1774.

The epitaph captures the essence of a life dedicated to military service and honor, encapsulated in the phrase "NULLUS ULTRA SEPULCRUM," which can be interpreted as "No one has gone beyond this tomb." It invites the traveler (viator) to pause but warns not to go "beyond the tomb," adding an air of reverence and finality to the life and deeds of Count Karl Engelshaus. The presence of such notable figures highlights the church's importance not only as a religious and architectural landmark but also as a monument to the influential people connected to Cluj-Napoca and broader Hungarian history.

The second epitaph, "Hic Requiescii Domino illufdama Dna SUSANNAPETKI," marks the resting place of Lady Susanna Petki, Countess of Kiraly Halma. She was renowned for her virtues and was the esteemed wife of Francis Kornis, Count of Goncz and Ruzskal Soprani. The title "Comes De Kiraly Halma Viribus & Marins Clariffima" suggests her distinguished standing in society and her role as a supportive spouse.

This epitaph serves as another testament to the church's role as a sanctuary for notable figures, in this case, a significant woman in Hungarian nobility. Lady Susanna Petki and her husband, Francis Kornis, likely played crucial roles in the social and possibly even political landscape of their time. Her epitaph, like that of Count Karl Engelshaus, invites contemplation on the lives and legacies left behind by these distinguished individuals.

The church, therefore, is more than just a house of worship; it's a historical tapestry woven with the threads of individuals who had a significant impact on the area, and perhaps even the nation. Both epitaphs contribute to the rich history and the enduring importance of this sacred place.


Pictures uploaded by @Evgeny Praisman
Routes
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Evgeny Praisman
Strolling Through Cluj-Napoca: A Half-Day Adventure of Sep 22, 2023

Imagine a half-day walk through Cluj, the Transylvanian capital, where history meets modernity. You could start your journey at the house of a famous Hungarian king, absorbing the stories embedded in the aged bricks and mortar. Continue to the city's oldest church, a sanctuary of architectural and spiritual grace. Next, ascend the most picturesque tower for a panoramic view of Cluj, offering a bird's-eye glimpse of the cityscape below.

As you stroll, consider the diverse architecture—Secessionist or Art Nouveau—that defines the city's visual personality. Feel the pulse of local life at the central collective farm market, where you can revel in the aroma and flavours of fresh produce and traditional foods. Follow the charming canals and streams that lace through the city, finally relaxing in the shade of the urban park, a haven amid bustling life.

To cap off your journey, indulge in a meal at a local restaurant, like Maimuța Plângătoare, renowned for its soups and local brews. The atmosphere inside and in its cosy courtyard will make you feel like you've discovered Cluj's heart.

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Evgeny Praisman (author)
Здравствуйте! Меня зовут Женя, я путешественник и гид. Здесь я публикую свои путешествия и путеводители по городам и странам. Вы можете воспользоваться ими, как готовыми путеводителями, так и ресурсом для создания собственных маршрутов. Некоторые находятся в свободном доступе, некоторые открываются по промо коду. Чтобы получить промо код напишите мне сообщение на телефон +972 537907561 или на epraisman@gmail.com и я с радостью вам помогу! Иначе, зачем я всё это делаю?
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