Between 1140 and 1160 CE, during the Crusader period, the Knights Hospitaller built the Belmont Fortress on the remains of a Byzantine settlement. Belmont, translating to "beautiful hill" in French, was strategically located on Tel Tzuba. This fortress was part of a network of fortifications established by the Crusaders to protect their newly established kingdom and secure important routes, particularly those leading to Jerusalem.
Defeat and Destruction: Belmont's existence was relatively short-lived. In 1187, during the Battle of Hattin, the Crusaders suffered a devastating defeat at the hands of Salah ad-Din (Saladin). Following this victory, Saladin's forces advanced throughout the region, systematically capturing Crusader strongholds. The defenders of Belmont surrendered to Saladin's army, and upon his orders, the fortress was dismantled to prevent its future use by Crusader forces.
Legacy: Today, the ruins of Belmont provide a glimpse into the tumultuous history of the Crusader states in the Holy Land. The remnants of the fortress on Tel Tzuba, although not extensively preserved, still convey the strategic importance and the architectural ingenuity of the Crusaders. Belmont stands as a testament to the brief but impactful period of Crusader rule in the region, and its dramatic downfall during Saladin's reconquest of the Holy Land.
Start at Har Adar: Begin your journey at Har Adar, the highest point in the Jerusalem area. This strategic location has always provided a commanding view over the region, and it still offers stunning vistas of Jerusalem and the surrounding hills. The historical significance of Har Adar is tied to its role in various military conflicts, including the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and the Six-Day War.
Visit Kibbutz Kiryat Anavim: Next, drive to Kibbutz Kiryat Anavim, where you can delve into the rich history and emotional stories of the pioneers who established this community. One notable tale is that of Itamar Ben-Avi, the son of Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, the reviver of the Hebrew language, and his love story with a girl from the Abu Shadid family, leading to the creation of the legendary restaurant Muma. At Muma, you can taste their famous Kubaneh bread and enjoy other delicious dishes in a warm, welcoming atmosphere.
Kiryat Anavim Cemetery: After lunch, take a moment to visit the Kiryat Anavim Cemetery. This cemetery holds the graves of many who fought in the battles for Jerusalem's corridor. It's a poignant place that tells the story of the bravery and sacrifice of the soldiers and pioneers who shaped the history of this area.
Explore Ein Tzuba and the Israel National Trail: Cross to the other side of the road to Jerusalem and embark on a short hike to Ein Tzuba. This natural spring is a refreshing stop, and the brief walk along the Israel National Trail allows you to breathe in the crisp air and enjoy the scent of pine trees. The area around Ein Tzuba is rich in both natural beauty and historical significance, making it a perfect spot for a brief respite.
Visit Belmont Crusader Fortress: Continue your exploration with a visit to the Belmont Crusader Fortress, located on Tel Tzuba. The fortress, aptly named "beautiful hill," offers not only historical insights into the Crusader period but also breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The well-preserved walls and the strategic location of the fortress illustrate its historical importance.
Wine Tasting at Tzuba Winery: End your day with a relaxing wine tasting at Tzuba Winery. Here, you can sample a variety of high-quality wines produced from the vineyards that have thrived in the fertile soil of the Jerusalem hills. The serene setting of the winery, combined with the excellent wines, provides a perfect conclusion to your day of exploration and discovery.
Summary: This day trip in the Jerusalem hills offers a rich tapestry of historical sites, cultural experiences, and culinary delights. From the heights of Har Adar to the depths of historical stories at Kiryat Anavim, and from the natural beauty of Ein Tzuba to the historical marvel of Belmont Fortress, each stop adds a unique layer to your journey. Ending the day with a wine tasting at Tzuba Winery ensures that your trip is both memorable and fulfilling.
Don't be afraid to get lost in new places!
