Gardens Palais Royal got a new look a few years before the French revolution, in 1786. It was made according to the decision of the Duke of Orleans. Gardens were open to all Parisians. This event aroused great respect and honor to the duke, but did not save him from the cruelest years of the Revolution. Only his son will survive the turmoil and become the king of France in 1830. But let us speak about this later. Palais Royal itself was built almost 150 years earlier as a residence for Cardinal Richelieu. After the death of Richelieu, the widow of Louis the 13th, Anne of Austria, inherited the Palais. Relations of Louis the 13th, Anna and Richelieu were described by Alexander Dumas in the novel The Three Musketeers. Anna had two sons. Louis the 14th who said: I am the state. He was called Sun King. The second son was called Philip the First from Orleans. But in the close future, the fate will turn over. Their descendants will switch roles. Son of Philip the first - Philip the second will be the regent of France during the reign of his nephew Louis the 15th. Settlers in America will call New Orleans in honor of Philip the second Duke of Orleans. Pushkin will describe the regency of Philip in the unfinished historical novel The Moor of Peter the Great. However, in Peterhof Palace, a monument depicting Peter the Great dandling the boy of Louis the 15th - King of France will be erected. This monument was ironically called: Peter holds the whole of France in his arms. All these events took place here in the Palais Royal. The boy - the king of France grew up and strove to rule himself. He fell under the influence of his mistresses. The most famous among them was Madame de Pompadour. Wasteful and lecherous, he brought France to the loss of India and Canada on the benefit of England. He ruined the treasury. He became the spot of popular discontent. There was only one answer to all the reproaches: "Après moi, le déluge" ("After me, the flood"). He died of smallpox in 1774. His grandson, Louis 16th, who at the time of his grandfather's death was 20 years old, will be beheaded in the Revolution Square - today the Place de la Concorde. This was happen in 1993, when the king was only 39 years old. On the way to the execution he asked: What news about the expedition of La Perouse?